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== Using emerge == | == Using emerge == | ||
| − | To use emerge you need to start a console window and point that to <tt> | + | To use emerge you need to start a console window and point that to <tt>KDEROOT\emerge</tt>. For example: |
C: | C: | ||
| − | cd | + | cd KDEROOT\emerge |
Then you have to execute | Then you have to execute | ||
| − | kdeenv.bat | + | kdeenv.bat in powershell load the script with ". kdeenv.ps1" |
| − | This tells emerge about your environment settings (e.g. paths). It will load your configuration from <tt> | + | This tells emerge about your environment settings (e.g. paths). It will load your configuration from <tt>KDEROOT\etc\kdesettings.ini</tt>. It should not give any error messages, otherwise emerge will not work as expected. The output should look similar to this one (of course with your paths): |
C:\kderoot\emerge>kdeenv.bat | C:\kderoot\emerge>kdeenv.bat | ||
kdesettings.bat executed | kdesettings.bat executed | ||
| − | KDEROOT : | + | KDEROOT : r:\ |
| − | + | KDECOMPILER : mingw-w64 | |
| − | + | KDESVNDIR : s:\ | |
| − | + | KDEGITDIR : q:\ | |
| − | + | DOWNLOADDIR : t:\ | |
| + | PYTHONPATH : C:\python34 | ||
C:\kderoot\emerge> | C:\kderoot\emerge> | ||
emerge is a tool to build the KDE sources and its third-party requirements on MS Windows. It is the easy way to build KDE on MS Windows.
Emerge is a tool that can build the different parts of KDE and its dependencies under Windows. We created this tool to automate and simplify the build process under Windows. We try to build all packages that we offer in the KDE installer with emerge. That has some advantages for us:
Before emerge it was quite some work to set a system up for development. There were some quirks, which were documented in some mailing lists, but you had to remember them or you ran into an already solved problem again, etc. Now to get a development machine you need a Windows computer, need to install Python and Git and do the emerge checkout. Then execute emerge to build what you want to build. This is easy for developers coming from Windows to KDE, and also for KDE developers coming to Windows.
With emerge you can build the whole software stack (low-level libs, Qt, kdelibs, things above that) with only one command. You can start that build, and some hours later you can check if it worked, or if something broke. So we can spot problems easier and earlier. We can also start with a "naked" Windows computer without any other installed software and bootstrap kde on it. That ensures, that no hidden dependencies on some pieces of software sneak in, because then the builds on a "naked" computer would break and show the problem.
We can test the same emerge build description for a package on different Windows versions/computers before we do binary releases. People can also add build descriptions for new packages to the Subversion repository.
This emerge tool was inspired by the Gentoo emerge tool.
Create a directory if possible in your harddrive's root e.g. C:\kderoot or D:\kderoot (You will need this PATH later). This directory will contain the whole kde installation later. We will refer to it as KDEROOT.
emerge.bat invokes an emerge.py script written in Python programming language, so you first need to install the Python 3.4 Interpreter. The python installation directory will be added to the PATH later by KDEROOT\etc\kdesettings.ini.
The latest source code for Windows emerge and a lot of the rest of KDE is stored in a repository created and managed using the Git version control tool. You need a git client for the first checkout of emerge. There are at least two applications:
Emerge uses its own git client for checking out all KDE source code. You can find it in KDEROOT\dev-utils\git\bin. It will be used by emerge even if you have another git executable installed.
The source code of the emerge tool and the recipes for creating KDE packages are located at git://anongit.kde.org/emerge.git, which is an URL based on the git-specific git protocol.
You need to check out the source code from the emerge Subversion directory into a new directory below your root directory (the root directory is normally called %KDEROOT% here) or get it inside a self extracting archive (not tested yet).
cd KDEROOT
git clone git://anongit.kde.org/emerge.git
git clone http://anongit.kde.org/emerge.git
git clone git@git.kde.org:emerge.git
Note 0: Read the comments in that file very carefully
Note 1: Be sure that you neither have the msys/bin nor the cygwin/bin in your path. If so you have to definitely remove it from the path.
Note 2 from a user: The applications gimp, inkscape and graphviz are also a problem. To make sure that there's nothing wrong I stripped my path to contain only what I needed to build.
emerge has several branches which contain specific package versions. E.g. if you want to build the 4.13 branch of KDE (or one of the 4.13 releases) you should checkout the kde-4.13 branch of emerge; in the master branch, you can find the KDE Frameweorks 5.
To view all branches, use the following command:
git branch -a
To change the branch of emerge, do the following:
cd emerge && git checkout kde-4.13
Add a file emerge-boost-config.jam in the %KDEROOT%\etc directory to build boost in a specific way. The only current use case is for the following problem: If you build 32bit binaries with emerge on a 64bit system you need to link boost-python against a 32bit python library. In case your standard python installation is 64bit though, you can specify the python installation in the following way:
KDE TechBase # ---------------------
# Python configuration.
# ---------------------
# Configure specific Python version.
using python : 3.2 : C:\\Python32_x86 ;
This way boost-python would be using the headers & libraries from C:\\Python32_x86 instead of the default one. Please remember that for mingw compilers you must regenerate the import library for the python dll (also for the mingw 64bit compiler):
R:\> emerge pexports
R:\> pexports C:\Python32_x86\python32.dll > C:\Python32_x86\libs\python32.def
NOTE: In case you generate the import library for the 64bit compiler, add the following line to the file python32.def:
Py_InitModule4 = Py_InitModule4_64
For both compilers you should now run:
dlltool -d C:\Python32_x86\libs\python32.def -l C:\Python32_x86\libs\libpython32.dll.a
Now you should be able to do emerge -i boost-python-src without errors.
To use emerge you need to start a console window and point that to KDEROOT\emerge. For example:
C: cd KDEROOT\emerge
Then you have to execute
kdeenv.bat in powershell load the script with ". kdeenv.ps1"
This tells emerge about your environment settings (e.g. paths). It will load your configuration from KDEROOT\etc\kdesettings.ini. It should not give any error messages, otherwise emerge will not work as expected. The output should look similar to this one (of course with your paths):
C:\kderoot\emerge>kdeenv.bat kdesettings.bat executed KDEROOT : r:\
KDECOMPILER : mingw-w64 KDESVNDIR : s:\ KDEGITDIR : q:\ DOWNLOADDIR : t:\ PYTHONPATH : C:\python34
C:\kderoot\emerge>
Next, if you have configured your kdesettings.bat to use svn+ssh for your subversion checkout, then you need to run:
plink <your-svn-username>@svn.kde.org
plink <your-kde-username>@git.kde.org
This will prompt you to accept the fingerprint of the server, otherwise svn will hang forever when trying to download from the server.
Now you should be able to use emerge. Type
emerge --help
to get some help on usage.
Note: There is a short path option in kdesettings which you will need if you want to build Qt in a directory that has a pathlenght of more then around 5 characters. This problem is due to limitations of the command line length and the Qt build system.
Currently emerge supports both the MinGW and MS Visual C++ (msvc) compilers. We did not add dependencies for the compilers, so you have to make sure to install a compiler by yourself. There are three ways to set up a compiler for emerge. We assumed you have set KDECOMPILER variable properly in the %KDEROOT%\etc\kdesettings.bat.
In the following sections you can find information on how to install or reuse an existing compiler.
Let emerge install the MinGW compiler, as soon as emerge needs MinGW it will automatically fetch the correct version for you.
Read here.
You need to point emerge to an existing msvc installation. This is run automatically for you from kdeenv.bat if configured properly in kdesettings.bat. Check your kdesettings.bat file to know where to set it.
Once you have emerge and a compiler installed and working, try:
Further options are described below.
You are now ready to start building KDE, it is recommended to do so progressively, relying on emerge to automatically resolve the required dependencies at each set step:
You will now have successfully installed a base KDE system and can now install other KDE modules as required.
Note that this will install the development version of KDE (trunk in svn repositories, master in git repositories), if you wish to install a particular stable branch then you should change the branch of emerge to the specific branch of that release. NOTE: You should not mix kde packages from different branches.
It is strongly recommended you do not choose to manually install any of the utilities and libraries yourself, as you may install the wrong version and cause installation failures. Instead allow emerge to resolve the dependencies for you.
Every time you want to update or install a package, you should first update your emerge checkout (simply run emerge --update emerge) to ensure you are using the latest package recipies.
emerge packageName performs the separate actions --fetch, --unpack, --compile, --install, and --qmerge.
The --fetch action will retrieve either a binary or the source code for the package:
There are some options that can be used when building with emerge.
| Command line switch | Command line argument | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|
| -v | EMERGE_VERBOSE | This option sets the verbosity level. Currently the highest verbosity level is 3 (-v -v -v). A verbosity level of 0 should give no output and equals to -q. You can set EMERGE_VERBOSE=3 instead in the environment of the commandline or within your kdesettings.bat file. | |
| --offline | This option suppresses the update step of the local tree - which needs some time. Be aware though that you have to have existing sources already if you want to use this option. | ||
| -t | EMERGE_BUILDTESTS | This option enables or disables KDE4 buildtests for KDE modules. Other packages will not change. Use EMERGE_BUILDTESTS=True or =False. | |
| --print-targets | This option will display all "targets" a certain package has. Normally targets are fixed releases or different branches. They are defined in the portage file. | ||
| --target=TARGET | This sets a specific target for this package. If not added, the default target is used, which can be checked by looking at the output of --print-targets. | ||
| -i | This option ignores that a package is already installed. It builds it completely new, but keeps the dependencies. | ||
| --update | This option ignores that a package is already installed but doesn't cleanup an already existing build directory. Thus you will only rebuild files that have changed since the last build. |
emerge --update packagename
emerge --update-all
For Fine Tuning see here: Fine-tuning
emerge can mostly cooperate with the kdewin-installer but we're currently still working on some packages which are packaged in a wrong way. It is not recommended to use another layout then installer for directory_layout in the kdesettings.bat anymore (see that file for more detailed information).
emerge creates lots of files in \kderoot\tmp during build. After a package is successfully installed (check \kderoot\etc\portage\installed or the directory \kderoot\manifest\), you can delete its temporary directory.
Windows emerge is derived from the Gentoo portage system, but we are currently not enforcing compatibility. If you have questions about that please contact us at the channel #kde-windows on irc.freenode.net.
last reviewed by SaroEngels 22:52, 26th July 2011 (UTC)
