Structure

Conceptual Model

The conceptual model is the most fundamental aspect of the interface, describing the relationship between the interface and the outside world. The purpose of the conceptual model is to draw on the user’s past experiences so they can readily understand basic operations and accurately predict functionality.

Real World, Vision

Task Flow

The task flow is concerned with the manner in which users’ complete specific operations with the system. In contrast to the conceptual model, the task flow is largely dependent on the product’s technical environment.

Core usability goals, Use cases / User requirements, Task aggregation
Personas, Scenarios, Usability criteria, Feature list

Organizational Model

The organizational model describes how the system’s content and functionality are ordered and categorized. Also known as the information architecture, the organizational model encompasses both the classification scheme as well as the model of association, hierarchy versus index for example.

Terminology
Information architecture, Interface management, Window style, Basic arrangement, Screen design, Design Pattern
central configuration (content tbd.)
Notification mechanism (content tbd.)
Minimize to tray (perhaps at behaviour>navigation)

Behaviour

Viewing and Navigation

The Viewing and Navigation layer encompasses the wide variety of behaviors and operations that allow users to navigate the interface and effect its presentation.

General navigation

Dialogs
Accordion
Tabs and Pages in Dialogs
Toolbar
Status bar
Paging

Access functions

Menu Bar
Buttons
- Toggle Buttons
Links
Keyboard Access
- Keyboard Accelerators
- Keyboard Shortcuts

Grouping

Group box, Panel
Splitter

Complex views

Use a List View to show some items out of one category.
Tree view
Grids

Editing and Manipulation

The Editing and Manipulation layer contains the behaviors that result in permanent changes to user’s stored information. … Behaviors in this layer can often be recognized by the following traits: they result in permanent, stored changes; they require an implicit or explicit save operation; and they typically require validation of the input data.

Selection

Use a radio button for 1 of a few n selections.
Use one or more check boxes for clear options or n of a few m selections.
Use a list view for one or a few n of some m selections.
Use a drop-down list for 1 of some n selection and a combo box if users should be able to add items.
Use the dual list pattern for n of m selections.

Unconstrained input

To enter one line of text use a line edit and for multiple lines of texts a text edit.
For complex views with direct input provide inline editing.

Constrained input

Use a Spin Box for numerical input within a range and with fix steps.
Arbitrary changes within a range for immediate feedback: Slider
Numeric input with both large changes and precise control: Slider and Spin Box
Use Date and Time Pickers for formatted input of datum, time of day, or periods etc.

User Assistance

Interface elements that inform users of the application’s activity and status, as well as elements dedicated to user education, are all contained in the User Assistance layer. This includes online help, error alerts, and status alerts.

User-driven information

Tool-tip

System triggered notification

Balloon
Notification is a system-triggered message used to acknowledge about events out of the current context.
Progress indicator

Disruptive messages

Message dialogs

Help system

KDE Help

Presentation

Layout

The various design decisions governing the placement and ordering of onscreen elements are expressed in the Layout layer. In addition to providing an ordered visual flow, the Layout layer also supports the Behavior tier by arranging elements in a manner that helps communicate behavior, importance, and usage.

Resizing
Default and minimal size
Spacing
Alignment & Placement
- Forms: Label Alignment
Color
Icons

Style

Like many forms of visual design, the Style layer is concerned with emotion, tone, and visual vocabulary. Because it is the most visible and concrete aspect of an interface, it typically accounts for people’s first impression of a product. Paradoxically however, the ultimate effect of style on overall usability or user satisfaction is minimal.

Text

Contained within the Text layer are all the written, language-based elements of the interface. This includes the labels used to represent the organizational model, the names of the input and navigational controls contained in the Viewing and Navigation layer, and the alert messages and help text used by the User Assistance layer.