Policies/Kdelibs Coding Style/ru: Difference between revisions

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    <languages />
    This document describes the recommended coding style for kdelibs. Nobody is forced to use this style, but to have consistent formatting of the source code files it is recommended to make use of it.
    This document describes the recommended coding style for kdelibs. Nobody is forced to use this style, but to have consistent formatting of the source code files it is recommended to make use of it.


    '''In short: Kdelibs coding style follows the Qt 4 coding style.'''
    '''In short: Kdelibs coding style follows the [http://wiki.qt-project.org/Coding_Style Qt 4 coding style].'''


    == Отступы ==
    == Отступы ==
    Line 13: Line 14:
    * Take useful names. No short names, except:
    * Take useful names. No short names, except:
    ** Single character variable names can denote counters and temporary variables whose purpose is obvious
    ** Single character variable names can denote counters and temporary variables whose purpose is obvious
    ** Variables and functions start with a lowercase letter
    * Variables and functions start with a lowercase letter


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    // неправильно
    // неправильно
    Line 21: Line 22:
    QString prtxt, errstr;
    QString prtxt, errstr;


    // correct
    // правильно
    KProgressBar *downloadProgressBar;
    KProgressBar *downloadProgressBar;
    QString progressText;
    QString progressText;
    QString errorString;
    QString errorString;
    </syntaxhighlight>
    </syntaxhighlight>


    == Whitespace ==
    == Whitespace ==
    Line 34: Line 36:
    * No space after a cast
    * No space after a cast


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    // wrong
    // неправильно
    QString* myString;
    QString* myString;
    if(true){
    if(true){
    }
    }


    // correct
    // правильно
    QString *myString;
    QString *myString;
    if (true) {
    if (true) {
    Line 50: Line 52:
    As a base rule, the left curly brace goes on the same line as the start of the statement.
    As a base rule, the left curly brace goes on the same line as the start of the statement.


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    // wrong
    // неправильно
    if (true)
    if (true)
    {
    {
    }
    }


    // correct
    // правильно
    if (true) {
    if (true) {
    }
    }
    Line 64: Line 66:
    Exception: Function implementations, class, struct and namespace declarations always have the opening brace on the start of a line.
    Exception: Function implementations, class, struct and namespace declarations always have the opening brace on the start of a line.


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    void debug(int i)
    void debug(int i)
    Line 78: Line 80:
    Use curly braces even when the body of a conditional statement contains only one line.
    Use curly braces even when the body of a conditional statement contains only one line.


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    // wrong
    // неправильно
    if (true)
    if (true)
         return true;
         return true;
    Line 87: Line 89:
         qDebug("%i", i);
         qDebug("%i", i);


    // correct
    // правильно
    if (true) {
    if (true) {
         return true;
         return true;
    Line 100: Line 102:
    Case labels are on the same column as the switch
    Case labels are on the same column as the switch


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    switch (myEnum) {
    switch (myEnum) {
    Line 121: Line 123:
    * If you add #includes for Qt classes, use both the module and class name.  This allows library code to be used by applications without excessive compiler include paths.
    * If you add #includes for Qt classes, use both the module and class name.  This allows library code to be used by applications without excessive compiler include paths.


    Example:
    Пример:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="cpp-qt">
    // wrong
    // неправильно
    #include <QString>
    #include <QString>


    // correct
    // правильно
    #include <QtCore/QString>
    #include <QtCore/QString>
    </syntaxhighlight>
    </syntaxhighlight>
    Line 134: Line 136:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="text">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="text">
    astyle --indent=spaces=4 --brackets=linux \
    astyle --indent=spaces=4 --brackets=linux \
           --indent-labels --pad-oper --unpad-paren \
           --indent-labels --pad=oper --unpad=paren \
           --one-line=keep-statements --convert-tabs \
           --one-line=keep-statements --convert-tabs \
           --indent-preprocessor \
           --indent-preprocessor \
           `find -type f -name '*.cpp'` `find -type f -name '*.cc'` `find -type f -name '*.h'`
           `find -type f -name '*.cpp'-or -name '*.cc' -or -name '*.h'`
    </syntaxhighlight>
    </syntaxhighlight>


    Line 143: Line 145:
    <syntaxhighlight lang="text">
    <syntaxhighlight lang="text">
    astyle --indent=spaces=4 --brackets=linux \
    astyle --indent=spaces=4 --brackets=linux \
           --indent-labels --pad-oper --unpad-paren \
           --indent-labels --pad-oper --unpad-paren --pad-header \
           --keep-one-line-statements --convert-tabs \
           --keep-one-line-statements --convert-tabs \
           --indent-preprocessor \
           --indent-preprocessor \
           `find -type f -name '*.cpp'` `find -type f -name '*.cc'` `find -type f -name '*.h'`
           `find -type f -name '*.cpp' -or -name '*.cc' -or -name '*.h'`
    </syntaxhighlight>
    </syntaxhighlight>


    A related shell script could be found for unix in [http://websvn.kde.org/*checkout*/trunk/KDE/kdesdk/scripts/astyle-kdelibs kdesdk/scripts/astyle-kdelibs] and for windows in [http://websvn.kde.org/*checkout*/trunk/KDE/kdesdk/scripts/astyle-kdelibs.bat kdesdk/scripts/astyle-kdelibs.bat].
    You can find a shell script to run this command in:
     
    * [https://projects.kde.org/projects/kde/kdesdk/kde-dev-scripts/repository/revisions/master/raw/astyle-kdelibs kde-dev-scripts/astyle-kdelibs] (POSIX)
    * [https://projects.kde.org/projects/kde/kdesdk/kde-dev-scripts/repository/revisions/master/raw/astyle-kdelibs.bat kde-dev-scripts/astyle-kdelibs.bat] (Windows)


    == Emacs and Vim scripts ==
    == Emacs and Vim scripts ==
    The "scripts" directory in the kdesdk module contains, among other useful things, some useful additions to the Emacs and Vim text editors that make it easier to edit KDE code with them.
    The [https://projects.kde.org/projects/kde/kdesdk/kde-dev-scripts/repository/revisions/master/show kde-dev-scripts] directory in the kdesdk module contains, among other useful things, some useful additions to the Emacs and Vim text editors that make it easier to edit KDE code with them.
       
       
    === Emacs ===
    === Emacs ===
    The [http://websvn.kde.org/trunk/KDE/kdesdk/scripts/kde-emacs kde-emacs] directory contains a set of key bindings, macros and general useful code. It is compatible with both GNU Emacs and XEmacs.
    The [https://projects.kde.org/projects/kde/kdesdk/kde-dev-scripts/repository/revisions/master/show/kde-emacs kde-emacs] directory contains a set of key bindings, macros and general useful code. It is compatible with both GNU Emacs and XEmacs.


    To start using kde-emacs, add the following to your .emacs:
    To start using kde-emacs, add the following to your .emacs:
    Line 169: Line 174:


    === Vim ===
    === Vim ===
    You can find a vim script in [http://websvn.kde.org/*checkout*/trunk/KDE/kdesdk/scripts/kde-devel-vim.vim kdesdk/scripts/kde-devel-vim.vim] that helps you to keep the coding style correct. In addition to defaulting to the kdelibs coding style it will automatically use the correct style for Solid and kdepim code. If you want to add rules for other projects feel free to add them in the SetCodingStyle function.
    You can find a vim script in [https://projects.kde.org/projects/kde/kdesdk/kde-dev-scripts/repository/revisions/master/raw/kde-devel-vim.vim kde-devel-vim.vim] that helps you to keep the coding style correct. In addition to defaulting to the kdelibs coding style it will automatically use the correct style for Solid and kdepim code. If you want to add rules for other projects feel free to add them in the SetCodingStyle function.


    To use the script, include it in your {{path|~/.vimrc}} like this:
    To use the script, include it in your {{path|~/.vimrc}} like this:

    Revision as of 18:22, 7 April 2013

    This document describes the recommended coding style for kdelibs. Nobody is forced to use this style, but to have consistent formatting of the source code files it is recommended to make use of it.

    In short: Kdelibs coding style follows the Qt 4 coding style.

    Отступы

    • Не используем табуляцию
    • Один отступ — 4 пробела

    Variable declaration

    • Each variable declaration on a new line
    • Each new word in a variable name starts with a capital letter (so-called camelCase)
    • Avoid abbreviations
    • Take useful names. No short names, except:
      • Single character variable names can denote counters and temporary variables whose purpose is obvious
    • Variables and functions start with a lowercase letter

    Пример:

    // неправильно
    KProgressBar *prbar;
    QString prtxt, errstr;
    
    // правильно
    KProgressBar *downloadProgressBar;
    QString progressText;
    QString errorString;
    


    Whitespace

    • Use blank lines to group statements
    • Use only one empty line
    • Use one space after each keyword
    • For pointers or references, use a single space before '*' or '&', but not after
    • No space after a cast

    Пример:

    // неправильно
    QString* myString;
    if(true){
    }
    
    // правильно
    QString *myString;
    if (true) {
    }
    

    Braces

    As a base rule, the left curly brace goes on the same line as the start of the statement.

    Пример:

    // неправильно
    if (true)
    {
    }
    
    // правильно
    if (true) {
    }
    

    Exception: Function implementations, class, struct and namespace declarations always have the opening brace on the start of a line.

    Пример:

    void debug(int i)
    {
        qDebug("foo: %i", i);
    }
    
    class Debug
    {
    };
    

    Use curly braces even when the body of a conditional statement contains only one line.

    Пример:

    // неправильно
    if (true)
        return true;
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
        qDebug("%i", i);
    
    // правильно
    if (true) {
        return true;
    }
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        qDebug("%i", i);
    }
    

    Switch statements

    Case labels are on the same column as the switch

    Пример:

    switch (myEnum) {
    case Value1:
        doSomething();
        break;
    case Value2:
        doSomethingElse();
        // fall through
    default:
        defaultHandling();
        break;
    }
    

    Line breaks

    Try to keep lines shorter than 100 characters, inserting line breaks as necessary.

    Qt Includes

    • If you add #includes for Qt classes, use both the module and class name. This allows library code to be used by applications without excessive compiler include paths.

    Пример:

    // неправильно
    #include <QString>
    
    // правильно
    #include <QtCore/QString>
    

    Artistic Style (astyle) automatic code formatting

    You can use astyle (>=1.23) to format code or to test if you have followed this document. Run the following command:

    astyle --indent=spaces=4 --brackets=linux \
           --indent-labels --pad=oper --unpad=paren \
           --one-line=keep-statements --convert-tabs \
           --indent-preprocessor \
           `find -type f -name '*.cpp'-or -name '*.cc' -or -name '*.h'`
    

    With astyle (>=2.01) you need to run the following command:

    astyle --indent=spaces=4 --brackets=linux \
           --indent-labels --pad-oper --unpad-paren --pad-header \
           --keep-one-line-statements --convert-tabs \
           --indent-preprocessor \
           `find -type f -name '*.cpp' -or -name '*.cc' -or -name '*.h'`
    

    You can find a shell script to run this command in:

    Emacs and Vim scripts

    The kde-dev-scripts directory in the kdesdk module contains, among other useful things, some useful additions to the Emacs and Vim text editors that make it easier to edit KDE code with them.

    Emacs

    The kde-emacs directory contains a set of key bindings, macros and general useful code. It is compatible with both GNU Emacs and XEmacs.

    To start using kde-emacs, add the following to your .emacs:

    (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/kde-emacs")
    (require 'kde-emacs)
    

    Many settings can be changed by editing the "kde-emacs" group via M-x customize-group.

    For more information, including what the key bindings are and what additional settings you could add to your .emacs, please check kde-emacs.el itself.

    Vim

    You can find a vim script in kde-devel-vim.vim that helps you to keep the coding style correct. In addition to defaulting to the kdelibs coding style it will automatically use the correct style for Solid and kdepim code. If you want to add rules for other projects feel free to add them in the SetCodingStyle function.

    To use the script, include it in your ~/.vimrc like this:

    source /path/to/kde/sources/kdesdk/scripts/kde-devel-vim.vim
    


    Document started by Urs Wolfer. Some parts of this document have been adopted from the Qt Coding Style document posted by Zack Rusin on kde-core-devel.