Development/Tutorials/Desktop File: Difference between revisions

    From KDE TechBase
    Line 81: Line 81:
      Name=Count lines
      Name=Count lines
      Exec=kdialog --msgbox "$(wc -l %F)"
      Exec=kdialog --msgbox "$(wc -l %F)"
    It will look like this:
    [[File:Snapshot-file-context-menu-kde-2.png]]


    Some remarks:
    Some remarks:

    Revision as of 10:10, 24 February 2013


    Desktop File
    Tutorial Series   Basics
    Previous  
    What's Next  
    Further Reading   the .desktop Free Desktop Spec;

    Desktop File

    In order for your application to show up in menus and/or to be automatically associated with mime types in file browsers, you need to provide a .desktop file like follows:

    [Desktop Entry]
    Type=Application
    Exec=your-app %u
    MimeType=application/x-your-mime-type;
    Icon=some-icon
    X-DocPath=yourapp/index.html
    Terminal=false
    Name=Your App
    GenericName=Some Generic Name
    Comment=Short Description Of Your App
    Categories=Qt;KDE;
    

    Take a look at the .desktop Free Desktop Spec to find our more about the key/value pairs above. It's important to pick a good set of Categories, see the spec for a list of valid values.

    Your project

    You want your project to show up in the K Menu like this:

    In this example, the application is called quickpen and it shows up in the category "Graphics". To accomplish that in your project you need to take care the .desktop file is distributed to the appropriate place.

    qmake based projects

    In case you are working on a qmake based project, add the following to your .pro file:

    target.path = /usr/local/bin
    desktop.path = /usr/share/applications
    desktop.files += your-app.desktop
    
    INSTALLS += target desktop
    

    Note that the bold strings above should be in your project anyway.

    An example .pro file can be found here. The related .desktop file can be found here.

    cmake based projects

    In case you are working on a cmake based project, add an install directive to your CMakeLists.txt file like this:

    install( PROGRAMS your-app.desktop DESTINATION ${XDG_APPS_INSTALL_DIR} )
    

    An example CMakeLists.txt file can be found here. The corresponding .desktop file is here.

    Menus

    You can also use a .desktop file to describe KDE's context menus. Context menus are the menus that appear when you right-click onto your desktop or onto a file or folder. Let's write a context menu for konqueror that counts the lines in a file.

    To do this, change directory to your Service Menu directory:

    $ kde4-config --path services
    /home/knoppix/.kde/share/kde4/services/:/usr/share/kde4/services/
    $ cd /usr/share/kde4/services/ServiceMenus/
    

    Create a desktop file with any name, e.g. count.desktop with the following content:

    [Desktop Entry]
    Type=Service
    ServiceTypes=KonqPopupMenu/Plugin
    MimeType=all/all;
    Actions=countlines;
    X-KDE-Submenu=Count
    X-KDE-StartupNotify=false
    X-KDE-Priority=TopLevel
    
    [Desktop Action countlines]
    Name=Count lines
    Exec=kdialog --msgbox "$(wc -l %F)"
    

    It will look like this:

    Some remarks:

    • it is possible to translate the strings the user sees. For a German translation you could add below X-KDE-Submenu=Count:
    X-KDE-Submenu[de]=Zaehlen
    
    • this context menu entry will not only appear in Konqueror, but also e.g. in Dolphin.

    See also