Archive:Getting Started/Build/KDE4/Kubuntu and Debian (zh CN)
Getting_Started/Build/KDE4/Kubuntu and Debian
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This page details installation of kde4 requirements on Kubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy) and Debian (Testing/Unstable). For a basic functioning desktop, the recommended packages are installed with the command:
本页将详细介绍在 Kubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy) 和 Debian (Testing/Unstable) 中安装 KDE4 的所有需求。如果你的系统只是一个只有基本功能的桌面，你需要安装以下必需的包：
sudo aptitude install build-essential cdbs debhelper cmake \
kdesdk-scripts subversion ssh xserver-xephyr doxygen dbus-x11 \
libstreamanalyzer-dev libstrigiqtdbusclient-dev libsoprano-dev \
libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev shared-mime-info libgif-dev libssl-dev \
libboost-dev libgpgme11-dev libxine-dev libqimageblitz-dev libbz2-dev \
libdbus-1-dev libpam0g-dev libpcre3-dev libkrb5-dev
以上包像 build essential 等是构建系统的前提，包括了基本所有编译 KDE4 (不包括QT4) 的需求和支持 https 所需的包 libssl-dev。更多所需的可选包参看以下列表。 This installs build prerequisites such as build essential, almost all compilation requirements for kde4 (with the exception of qt4) and some recommended packages such as libssl-dev for https support. Further recommended and optional packages are listed below.
To install all the optional packages: 安装所有可选包：
sudo aptitude install build-essential cdbs debhelper cmake \
kdesdk-scripts subversion ssh xserver-xephyr doxygen graphviz libqt4-dev \
dbus-x11 libstreamanalyzer-dev libstrigiqtdbusclient-dev libxml2-dev \
libxslt1-dev shared-mime-info libgif-dev libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev \
libpcre3-dev libxml2-utils libpcre3-dev libopenexr-dev libjasper-dev \
libenchant-dev libavahi-common-dev libaspell-dev libasound2-dev libboost-dev \
libgpgme11-dev libldap2-dev libsasl2-dev libxine-dev libqimageblitz-dev \
libsmbclient-dev libxkbfile-dev libxcb1-dev libxklavier12-dev libxdamage-dev \
libxcomposite-dev libbluetooth-dev libusb-dev libcaptury-dev \
network-manager-dev libsmbclient-dev libsoprano-dev libsensors-dev \
libpam0g-dev libnm-util-dev libusb-dev libcfitsio3-dev libnova-dev \
libeigen-dev libopenbabel-dev libfacile-ocaml-dev libboost-python-dev \
libqca2-dev libqca2-dev libqca2-dev libsvn-dev libsvncpp-dev \
libcommoncpp2-dev
编译稳定版的 KDE4 (kde4.0) 还需要安装 To compile the stable release of kde4 (kde4.0) also install the package libqt4-dev.
从 trunk (即将是 KDE4.1 版) 编译 KDE 一定要从源码编译最新的 QT4.4 快照版。在 KDE svn 的 qt-copy仓库里有QT4.4 的拷贝。请先阅读 README.qt-copy 来选择合适的 Qt 选项和了解一些可能存在的问题。 To compile kde from trunk (soon to be kde4.1) the latest Qt4.4 snapshot must be compiled from source. This is provided conveniently in the kde svn repository as qt-copy. Please read README.qt-copy for the necessary Qt options as well as currently known problems.
可以从下面的命令来安装： It may be installed with the following commands:
cs # Note: cs is not a typo.注：cs不是错误（译者也不知是什么）
svn checkout svn://anonsvn.kde.org/home/kde/trunk/qt-copy
cd qt-copy
./apply_patches
cb # Build Qt in a separate build directory 在单独的构建文件夹中构建 QT
../../src/qt-copy/configure <Qt options here> -prefix $QTDIR
make -j2 #使用 'make -j(X+1)' 这里 X 你的机器处理器的个数，可以加快编译速度
- 如果不安装就请清除那些 obj 文件以节省磁盘空间
if [ "$QTDIR" = "`pwd`" ]; then \
find . -name '*.o' -delete ; \
else make install; fi;
安装完所需要和要求的包后，请继续参看building KDE 4.
构建的必要条件
在 Kubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy) 和 Debian (Testing/Unstable) 中有以下方法安装构建的必要前提：
sudo aptitude install build-essential cdbs debhelper cmake \
kdesdk-scripts subversion ssh xserver-xephyr
用于生成 API 文档资料的可选包：
sudo aptitude install doxygen graphviz
kdelibs 的依赖包
用以下方法安装 Kdelibs 的依赖包：
sudo aptitude install libqt4-dev dbus-x11 \
libstreamanalyzer-dev libstrigiqtdbusclient-dev \
libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev shared-mime-info libgif-dev libpcre3-dev
推荐的包
- libssl-dev - 支持 https 等所需要的。
- libbz2-dev - 在kio_archive 和 GHNS 包中支持 bzip 所需要的。
- libpcre3-dev - 正则表达式库。 支持 Javascript 所推荐的.
sudo aptitude install libssl-dev libbz2-dev libpcre3-dev
其他可选的包
- libasound2-dev - Alsa 声音系统。
- libaspell-dev - 拼写检查支持 (在 kwrite 等软件中)
- libavahi-common-dev - 发现 avahi/zeroconf 服务service discovery
- libenchant-dev - 拼写检查外包装库spell checking wrapper library
- libjasper-dev - 图象处理库image processing library
- libopenexr-dev - 图象处理库image processing library
- libxml2-utils - 用于生成有效的 doc 文件。
sudo aptitude install libxml2-utils libpcre3-dev libopenexr-dev \
libjasper-dev libenchant-dev libavahi-common-dev libaspell-dev \
libasound2-dev
kdepimlibs 的依赖包
kdepimlibs 的依赖包安装如下如示：
sudo aptitude install libboost-dev libgpgme11-dev
kdepimlibs 的推荐包
- libldap2-dev - 在 kde4 中支持 ldap。
- libsasl2-dev - imap 和筛选 kioslaves 所必需的
sudo aptitude install libldap2-dev libsasl2-dev
kdebase 的依赖包
kdebase-runtime 的依赖包安装如下如示：
sudo aptitude install libxine-dev
kdebase-apps 的依赖包安装如下如示：
sudo aptitude install libqimageblitz-dev
kdebase-apps 的可选包
- libxcb1-dev - X C 的绑定 - 用于支持 xine 中的视频 widget
- soprano - nepomuk 所推荐的. 详见 #Install soprano from svn
- libxkbfile-dev - 键盘配置的包keyboard configuration package
- libsmbclient-dev - 用于在 KDE4 中支持 samba。
sudo aptitude install libsmbclient-dev libxkbfile-dev libxcb1-dev
kdebase-workspace 的可选包
- libsmbclient-dev - 用于在 KDE4 中支持 samba
- network-manager-dev - 可以用在网络管理中的 solid 中
- libcaptury-dev - screencasts 中的视频截取工具
- libusb-dev - 用于在 solid 中支持 usb
- libbluetooth-dev - 用于在 solid 中支持蓝牙 (bluetooth)
- libxcomposite-dev - 用于在 kwin 中支持 compositing
- libxdamage-dev - 用于在 kwin 中支持 compositing
- libxklavier11-dev - 虚拟键盘
- libsoprano-dev - Qt RDF 的存储结构 storage framework
- libsensors-dev - 支持硬件传感器 (eg, temperature, fans)
- libpam0g-dev - 论证模块
- libnm-util-dev - 构建带有网络管理的 solid 所需要的
sudo aptitude install libxklavier11-dev libxdamage-dev libxcomposite-dev \
libbluetooth-dev libusb-dev libcaptury-dev network-manager-dev \
libsmbclient-dev libsoprano-dev libsensors-dev libpam0g-dev libnm-util-dev
kdeedu
The following packages are recommended if you intend to use kstars:
- libfacile-ocaml-dev - used by kalzuim.
- libboost-python-dev - optional for kig.
- libreadline-dev - Gives kalgebra a console interface.
- libopenbabel-dev - used by kalzium.
- libeigen-dev - used by kalzium.
- libusb-dev - Provides KStars INDI support.
- libcfitsio3-dev - Gives KStars support for FITS images.
- libnova-dev - A general purpose, double precision, Celestial Mechanics, Astrometry and Astrodynamics library for KStars.
sudo aptitude install libusb-dev libcfitsio3-dev libnova-dev libeigen-dev \
libopenbabel-dev libfacile-ocaml-dev libboost-python-dev
koffice
- libqca2-dev - qt cryptographic support.
kdepim
- libqca2-dev - qt cryptographic support.
kdenetwork
- libqca2-dev - qt cryptographic support. Used for jabber protocol.
kdevplatform
- libsvn-dev - subversion support for the dev platform.
- libsvncpp-dev - subversion support for the dev platform.
- libcommoncpp2-dev - teamwork integration.
kdevelop
Requires kdevplatform.
Return to building KDE 4.