Development/Tutorials/Using KXmlGuiWindow

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Tutorial Series	初学者教程
Previous	教程1 - Hello World
What's Next	教程3 - 使用KActions
Further Reading	KXmlGuiWindow

摘要

This tutorial carries on from First Program Tutorial and will introduce the KXmlGuiWindow class.

In the previous tutorial, the program caused a dialog box to pop up but we're going to take steps towards a functioning application.

使用KXmlGuiWindow

In order to have a useful KXmlGuiWindow, we must subclass it. So we create two files, a mainwindow.cpp and a mainwindow.h which will contain our code. Our class inherits from KXmlGuiWindow because it uses XML e.g. to define the application's menu structure.

mainwindow.h

1. ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
2. define MAINWINDOW_H

1. include <KXmlGuiWindow>
2. include <KTextEdit>

class MainWindow : public KXmlGuiWindow {

 public:
   MainWindow(QWidget *parent=0);

 private:
   KTextEdit* textArea;

};

1. endif

First we Subclass KXmlGuiWindow on line 7 with class MainWindow : public KXmlGuiWindow.

Then we declare the constructor with MainWindow(QWidget *parent=0);.

And finally we declare a pointer to the object that will make up the bulk of our program. KTextEdit is a generic richtext editor with some KDE niceties like cursor auto-hiding.

mainwindow.cpp

1. include "mainwindow.h"

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : KXmlGuiWindow(parent) {

 textArea = new KTextEdit;
 setCentralWidget(textArea);
 setupGUI();

} First, of course, on line 1 we have to include the header file containing the class declaration.

On line 5, we initialise our text editor with an object. Then on line 6 we use the built-in setCentralWidget() function which tells the KXmlGuiWindow what should appear in the central section of the window.

Finally, KXmlGuiWindow::setupGUI() is called which does a lot of behind-the-scenes stuff and creates the default menu bars (Settings, Help).

Back to main.cpp

In order to actually run this window, we need to add a few lines in main.cpp:

main.cpp

1. include <KApplication>
2. include <KAboutData>
3. include <KCmdLineArgs>

1. include "mainwindow.h"

int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {

 KAboutData aboutData( "tutorial2", 0,
     ki18n("Tutorial 2"), "1.0",
     ki18n("A simple text area"),
     KAboutData::License_GPL,
     ki18n("Copyright (c) 2007 Developer") );
 KCmdLineArgs::init( argc, argv, &aboutData );
 
 KApplication app;

 MainWindow* window = new MainWindow();
 window->show();

 return app.exec();

} The only new lines here (compared to Tutorial 1) are 18 and 19. On line 18, we create our MainWindow object and then on line 19, we display it.

CMake

The best way to build the program is to use CMake. All that's changed since tutorial 1 is that mainwindow.cpp has been added to the sources list and any tutorial1 has become tutorial2.

CMakeLists.txt

project (tutorial2)

find_package(KDE4 REQUIRED) include_directories( ${KDE4_INCLUDES} )

set(tutorial2_SRCS main.cpp mainwindow.cpp )

kde4_add_executable(tutorial2 ${tutorial2_SRCS}) target_link_libraries( tutorial2 ${KDE4_KDEUI_LIBS})

编译运行

To compile, link and run it, use:

cmake . && make && ./tutorial2

继续前进

Now you can move on to using KActions.