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| {{Template:I18n/Language Navigation Bar (zh_CN)|Development/Tutorials/创建主窗口}}
| | This page was moved [https://develop.kde.org/docs/getting-started/main_window/ here] |
| {{TutorialBrowser|
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| series=初学者教程|
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| name=创建主窗口|
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| pre=[[Development/Tutorials/First_program (zh_CN)|教程1 - Hello World]]|
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| next=[[Development/Tutorials/Using_KActions|教程3 - 使用KActions]]|
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| reading={{class|KXmlGuiWindow}}
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| }}
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| == 摘要 ==
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| 本教程承接上一讲[[Development/Tutorials/First_program (zh_CN)|教程1 - Hello World]] ，进一步介绍{{class|KXmlGuiWindow}}类的使用。
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| 在上一讲中，程序只是显示了一个弹出框。在本讲中，我们要让我们的程序具备更加实际功能。
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| [[image:introtokdetutorial2.png|frame|center]]
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| == 使用KXmlGuiWindow ==
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| In order to have a useful KXmlGuiWindow, we must subclass it. So we create two files, a <tt>mainwindow.cpp</tt> and a <tt>mainwindow.h</tt> which will contain our code. Our class inherits from KXmlGuiWindow because it uses XML e.g. to define the application's menu structure.
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| ===mainwindow.h===
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| <code cppqt>
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| #ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
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| #define MAINWINDOW_H
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| #include <KXmlGuiWindow>
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| #include <KTextEdit>
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| class MainWindow : public KXmlGuiWindow
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| {
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| public:
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| MainWindow(QWidget *parent=0);
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|
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| private:
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| KTextEdit* textArea;
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| };
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| #endif
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| </code>
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| First we Subclass KXmlGuiWindow on line 7 with <tt>class MainWindow : public KXmlGuiWindow</tt>.
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| Then we declare the constructor with <tt>MainWindow(QWidget *parent=0);</tt>.
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| And finally we declare a pointer to the object that will make up the bulk of our program. {{class|KTextEdit}} is a generic richtext editor with some KDE niceties like cursor auto-hiding.
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| ===mainwindow.cpp===
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| <code cppqt>
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| #include "mainwindow.h"
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| MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : KXmlGuiWindow(parent)
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| {
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| textArea = new KTextEdit;
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| setCentralWidget(textArea);
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| setupGUI();
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| }
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| </code>
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| First, of course, on line 1 we have to include the header file containing the class declaration.
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| On line 5, we initialise our text editor with an object. Then on line 6 we use the built-in setCentralWidget() function which tells the KXmlGuiWindow what should appear in the central section of the window.
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| Finally, KXmlGuiWindow::setupGUI() is called which does a lot of behind-the-scenes stuff and creates the default menu bars (Settings, Help).
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| ==Back to main.cpp==
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| In order to actually run this window, we need to add a few lines in main.cpp:
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| ===main.cpp===
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| <code cppqt>
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| #include <KApplication>
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| #include <KAboutData>
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| #include <KCmdLineArgs>
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| #include "mainwindow.h"
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| int main (int argc, char *argv[])
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| {
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| KAboutData aboutData( "tutorial2", 0,
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| ki18n("Tutorial 2"), "1.0",
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| ki18n("A simple text area"),
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| KAboutData::License_GPL,
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| ki18n("Copyright (c) 2007 Developer") );
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| KCmdLineArgs::init( argc, argv, &aboutData );
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|
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| KApplication app;
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|
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| MainWindow* window = new MainWindow();
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| window->show();
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| return app.exec();
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| }
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| </code>
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| The only new lines here (compared to Tutorial 1) are 18 and 19. On line 18, we create our MainWindow object and then on line 19, we display it.
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| ==CMake==
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| The best way to build the program is to use CMake. All that's changed since tutorial 1 is that <tt>mainwindow.cpp</tt> has been added to the sources list and any <tt>tutorial1</tt> has become <tt>tutorial2</tt>.
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| ===CMakeLists.txt===
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| <code ini>
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| project (tutorial2)
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| find_package(KDE4 REQUIRED)
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| include_directories( ${KDE4_INCLUDES} )
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| set(tutorial2_SRCS
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| main.cpp
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| mainwindow.cpp
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| )
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| kde4_add_executable(tutorial2 ${tutorial2_SRCS})
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| target_link_libraries( tutorial2 ${KDE4_KDEUI_LIBS})
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| </code>
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| === 编译运行 ===
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| To compile, link and run it, use:
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| cmake . && make && ./tutorial2
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| == 继续前进 ==
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| Now you can move on to [[Development/Tutorials/Using_KActions|using KActions]].
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| [[Category:C++]]
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