Archive:Development/Architecture/KDE4/Starting Other Programs (zh CN): Difference between revisions

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=== Klauncher ===
=== Klauncher ===
Klauncher will wait until the application registers to DBUS if the desktop file specifies the [http://api.kde.org/4.x-api/kdelibs-apidocs/kdecore/html/classKToolInvocation.html#_details X-DBUS-StartupType] key. This allows to make DBUS calls to the application once startServiceByDesktopPath returns, without the risk of race conditions. Note that klauncher needs to know under which name the application will register to DBUS: by default that is assumed to be org.kde.<i>binaryname</i>, but you can configure this by setting X-DBUS-ServiceName in the .desktop file. If you don't, you will get an error from klauncher which will think the application failed to start, since the expected dbus name never showed up.
如果.desktop文件指定了[http://api.kde.org/4.x-api/kdelibs-apidocs/kdecore/html/classKToolInvocation.html#_details X-DBUS-StartupType]键，那KLauncher将一直等到应用程序注册到DBUS上。一旦startServiceByDesktopPath返回，DBUS就会对应用程序调用起来 而不必担心竞争问题。注意：KLauncher需要知道应用程序使用哪个名字在DBUS注册的，通常，他是org.kde.<i>binaryname</i>, 但你也可以在.desktop文件里设置X-DBUS-ServiceName值。如果你不这么做，KLauncher会抛出一个错误，说这个应用程序启动不了，因为所期望的DBUS名字就没出现过。


=== kdeinit ===  
=== kdeinit ===  

Revision as of 14:20, 22 February 2009


Development/Architecture/KDE4/Starting Other Programs


KDE 架构 - 程序启动

KDE中有许多启动程序的方法。这里列举了一些你应该和不应该用的方法。

fork + exec

不要用他们，除非你有很好的理由，KProcess不能完成你想的工作。

KProcess

只有在你要启动一个子进程的时候，才使用KProcess。这时候你要捕捉系统输出或者错误，或者由系输入的数据。这不是启动KDE应用程序的方法，除非你在调试。

KToolInvocation::startServiceByDesktopPath

建议用KToolInvocation::startServiceByDesktopPath来启动桌面应用（KDE/Gnome/X）或者KDE服务。桌面应用或服务应又一个.desktop文件，你的知道这个文件名。 KToolInvocation经DBUS通知KLauncher进程开始应用程序。

Klauncher

如果.desktop文件指定了X-DBUS-StartupType键，那KLauncher将一直等到应用程序注册到DBUS上。一旦startServiceByDesktopPath返回，DBUS就会对应用程序调用起来 而不必担心竞争问题。注意：KLauncher需要知道应用程序使用哪个名字在DBUS注册的，通常，他是org.kde.binaryname, 但你也可以在.desktop文件里设置X-DBUS-ServiceName值。如果你不这么做，KLauncher会抛出一个错误，说这个应用程序启动不了，因为所期望的DBUS名字就没出现过。

kdeinit

KLauncher利用KDEinit来提高启动性能和降低内存使用。这只适用于KDEinit可用模块(KLM)。

KRun

Generic way to open documents/applications/shell commands. Uses startServiceByDesktopPath where applicable. Offers the additional benefit of startup-notification.
KRun can start any application, from the binary or the desktop file, it will determine the mimetype of a file before running the preferred handler for it, and it can also start shell commands. This makes KRun the recommended way to run another program in KDE.

KToolInvocation::invokeBrowser

KToolInvocation::invokeBrowser launches a web browser. The difference with using the more generic KRun on the webpage URL is that KRun has to determine the mimetype of the URL first (which, for HTTP, involves starting a download to read the headers), so if you know that the URL is an HTML webpage, use invokeBrowser, it will be faster.

更多内容: the problem with KRun for webpages is that it delays the appearance of the browser window, and if the user's preferred browser is a non-kde application like firefox then it has to start a second download while konqueror which can reuse the kioslave started by KRun. On the other hand if the URL might be an image or anything else than html, then KRun is the right solution, so that the right application is started.

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