Archive:Projects/KDE on Windows/Installation (zh CN)

Projects/KDE_on_Windows/Installation

Languages: عربي | Asturianu | Català | Česky | Kaszëbsczi | Dansk | Deutsch | English | Esperanto | Español | Eesti | فارسی | Suomi | Français | Galego | Italiano | 日本語 | 한국어 | Norwegian | Polski | Português Brasileiro | Română | Русский | Svenska | Slovenčina | Slovenščina | српски | Türkçe | Tiếng Việt | Українська | 简体中文 | 繁體中文

Note

也许开发者们应该在这里概述KDE4在Windows上的情况，但是我们更鼓励用户在 Talk page?上谈谈他们的感想及经验。

为Windows开发的KDE安装程序（下称KDE On Win）

你可以用这个安装程序下载并安装多种你必须安装以使KDE在MS Windows上运行的程序的二进制包。KDE是免费并且开源的，因此你可以“抓住”源码并且编译出所有程序；但是为了方便他人（当然包括你），开发者们将这些源代码编译好，并且让他们在网上可以下载。

免责：这些是早些时候的作品，简言之，有的程序比其他程序运行得更好，而且有的程序可能会运行失败。

如果你遇到了任何问题，请在我们的邮件列表里面看看。

你也可以用KDE On Win程序在Windows上安装源代码和你需要在Windows上编译KDE4的包（如果你正在Windows上建立KDE4，你可能会更喜欢用一个成型的系统来建立KDE并满组它的最新的源代码的需求）；你可以参阅入门/编译安装/KDE4/Windows

步骤简述

访问http://www.winkde.org/pub/kde/ports/win32/installer/

下载并保存最新的目录，比如 c:\KDE4

运行KDE On Win程序，下载你需要的包（参见#下载需要的包[1]）

新建、添加一个你的lib目录，比如c:\KDE4\lib ，并加入到系统变量中（开始> "控制面板" >系统>高级" >环境变量，双击路径系统变量，并加入到你的PATH隔分号） 。

添加kdedirs环境变量（开始> "控制面板" >系统>高级" >环境变量，点击[新]用户变量和创建变量名kdedirs与变量值【你安装kde4所在的目录】 ，例如C ：\ kde4 ）

{临时}根据#post-install steps中的指示做[2]。

试着运行一个在bin目录中的Qt程序，比如如linguist.exe

如果它运行了，试着运行一个KDE程序比如kwrite.exe。

下载需要的软件包

一个标准的KDE桌面环境是建立在许多lib库和软件包的基础之上的：这就是为什么每一个Exe（windows下的可执行程序）程序为什么相对来看起来都是那么小的原因。Windows上的KDE安装程序已经对依赖关系有了一些察觉，但是这些反应并不是完整的。因此，首先你应该花费一点时间来运行一个软件，以此你可以看见关于缺少Dll的警告。 如果你不打算从源代码中建立系统，不要选择“All”也不要点击“src”，这样你就不必下载每一个软件包的源代码。如果你不清楚你应该用那个包的话。 When you run KDE-installer for the first time, you'll see the welcome screen. Since it's your first launch leave the checkbox below unchecked. Proceed to the next screen, where you choose the KDE4 installation directory. It can be anything you prefer, e.g. C:\KDE4.

On the next screen, define who you are: End User or Developer. The End User installation installs only binary packages and libraries needed to run KDE application. Developer mode provides you with the source code for all packages needed to build KDE from scratch. If you have chosen to be a Developer, then you need to decide what compiler to use - MinGW or MSVC. In End User mode only MSVC packages are currently available.

Proceed to the next screen and there choose the directory where all the downloaded packages will be stored. Let it be something like C:\KDE4-tmp or C:\KDE4-packages.

The next screen will ask you to choose your internet connection type, particularly whether or not you're using a proxy. If you don't use a proxy server, just click 'Next'. If you are unsure of whether you're using proxy or if you have web browser configured to work with it properly, choose the second or the third option, according to your favourite web-browser. If you'd like to set all the settings manually - choose the last option and go ahead.

When you click the 'Next' button the (currently, rather short) list of available servers will be loaded and you could choose the one closest to you.

When you click 'Next' again, the list of all available packages will be loaded and processed, providing you with the list of package groups you can select for further installation. The short description next to each group of packages should make your choice easier. Select the packages you need. Proceed to the next screen.

Here you can see all the required dependencies, or software necessary to support the choices you've made. Click 'Next' to download them all.

After all the packages are downloaded they'll be unpacked and processed by the installer. The final window will tell that your KDE installation for Windows is complete.

KDE On Win安装程序存在的问题

如果安装期间出了问题，比如说：一个文件因为它仍在使用而无法被替换，安装程序仍然会报告成功安装。如果你在安装过程中见到任何警告抑或失败信息，退出并且重新运行安装程序。
如果这样做无效而您认为这是一个bug，请汇报至[3]

测试您的安装

浏览bin目录。

试试您是否可以执行Qt程序assistant.exe。 Qt程序相对于完整的KDE应用程序来说不需要那么多对系统的依赖性。

如果上述程序执行的不错，试试运行简单的KDE程序，比如kdegames程序包中的lskat.exe。

看看您的开始菜单：那儿应该有一个貌似KDE 4.XX.XX Release的新条目。在那里，您可以找到一些您已经安装的程序。

启动、关闭以及问题诊断

您运行的第一个KDE程序将自动调用kdeinit4.exe，KDE初始化程序。

它将启动诸如dbus-daemon、klauncher和kded4这样的背景KDE应用程序以及服务。

The first time you save or open, another background application, kioslave, will start.

These background KDE applications and services remain running after you close KDE applications. If you want you can shut them down by running kdeinit4 --terminate from a command prompt.

You can run kdeinit4 --list from a command prompt to see what processes are running. kdeinit4 has other useful options documented elsewhere.

调优

基本步骤：编辑kdeglobals文件

Unless otherwise stated you make all the setting changes below by editing the kdeglobals file in the directory %APPDATA%\.kde\share\config\ with any text editor (such as kwrite). (Note that for versions older than 4.0.85 the file is in %USERPROFILE%\.kde\share\config\kdeglobals.) %APPDATA% (and %USERPROFILE%) is different for different Windows users/versions/locales; in a command prompt, entering the command cd %APPDATA% will switch to it, effectively telling you what it is.

为widgets设置Oxygen风格

The default KDE widget style on Windows is the native one. The Oxygen style installs with basic KDE installation (as a plugin library %KDEROOT%\lib\kde4\plugins\styles\oxygen.dll), so it can be used as well. To set it for a single user:

1. edit kdeglobals
2. locate the General section (a line containing the text "[General]"). If there is no General section, create one.
3. Within the General section ([General]), edit the line containing widgetStyle=.... so that it reads widgetStyle=oxygen. If there is no such widgetStyle=... line, create it.

Newly started applications should be displayed with the Oxygen style now.

为widgets设置Tahoma（Windows默认字体）

To set it for a single user:

1. edit kdeglobals
2. locate the General section (a line containing the text "[General]"). If there is no General section, create one.
3. Within the General section ([General]), add these two lines:

font=Tahoma
menuFont=Tahoma

Newly started applications should use this font now. Note: this works for any font you have installed.

改变鼠标动作为双击

To change the mouse to use double click:

1. Add a new section with a line:
   

[KDE]
SingleClick=false

Newly started applications (Dolphin and Konqueror) should use double click now.

改变地点及国别设定

To change locale setting:

1. Add a new section with the line:
   

[Locale]
Country=**
Language=**

Replace ** with your lowercase alpha-2 country code, e.g. pl for Poland; of course, you need to install your language localization package.

改变本地/KDE文件对话框

To chose native or KDE file dialog:

1. Add a new section with the lines:
   

[KFileDialog Settings]
Native=false

Either set Native to true or false.

状态

Using kdewin-installer-gui-0.9.3.exe to install 4.1.3 packages:

• starting a KDE program correctly starts dbus-daemon.exe
• many games run
• choosing File > Open correctly starts klauncher.exe, kioslave.exe and kded4.exe, and runs kbuildsycoca4.exe as needed.
• Full-text search in khelpcenter does not work because Perl scripts are disabled.
• Many applications have a generic icon in Windows Explorer.
• Multimedia support should work, although video support might be missing (from the backend)

General notes:

• There are many other KDE programs that are not part of KDE 4.0.0 and are not currently packaged for MS Windows.
• By design, KDE-windows does not provide the full-blown KDE desktop, a preview on the plasma shell replacement will be available in 4.1.2 - Nevertheless this does not rely on kwin/X11 which means that desktop effects are not available
• Some KDE programs use UNIX-specific features, such as konsole's use of pseudo-terminals, and thus are difficult (read: currently impossible) to port to MS Windows.

应用包目录及状态

package	status	contains applications
amarok	packaged	Amarok music player
Digikam	packaged	Photo management
kdebase-apps	packaged	Konqueror, Dolphin, KWrite, folderview etc.
kdebase-workspace	packaged	Plasma, Wallpapers, Solid, etc.
kdeedu	packaged	Marble, Parley, KStars, KHangman, etc.
kdegames	packaged	Kgoldrunner, Kpat, KMahjongg, etc.
kdegraphics	packaged	Okular, kolourpaint, gwenview, etc.
kdemultimedia	packaged	JuK, etc.
kdenetwork	packaged	Kopete, KGet, etc.
kdepim	not packaged	KMail, AKregator, etc.
kdesdk	packaged	Kate, Umbrello, etc.
kdetoys	packaged	KTeatime, etc.
kdeutils	packaged	KGpg, KWallet, Okteta, etc.
koffice	packaged	KWord, Krita, Karbon, etc. (Beta 3)
ktorrent	packaged	the KTorrent utility